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<h2 id="Wen过程原理图"><a href="#Wen过程原理图" class="headerlink" title="Wen过程原理图"></a>Wen过程原理图</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">人-&gt;浏览器:输入网址</span><br><span class="line">浏览器-&gt;服务器: 发送http请求</span><br><span class="line">服务器-&gt;浏览器: 根据请求返回对应类型文件(html)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/Tzf1pVXk8cChIuj.png" alt="image-20210406134915633"></p>
<h2 id="HTML"><a href="#HTML" class="headerlink" title="HTML"></a>HTML</h2><ol>
<li><p>HTML文件一般由<code>head</code>标签、<code>body标签</code>组成，<code>head</code>头标签一般表明文档结构的相关属性。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/YXLKa7km48gQUV1.png" alt="image-20210406134950679"></p>
</li>
<li><p><code>body</code>内容标签一般用来放网页的具体内容，其内还包括<code>\&lt;h\&gt;</code>、<code>\&lt;p\&gt;</code>、<code>\&lt;img\&gt;</code>等众多内容标签组成。</p>
</li>
<li><p>HTML5还提供了对原生浏览器的支持。除此之外，HTML还有例如Canvas、WebGL这些图形API的支持，通过他们我们可以在浏览器中实现一些三维游戏。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/BNdwIsnbyUlgtqa.png" alt="image-20210406222345883"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="CSS层叠样式表"><a href="#CSS层叠样式表" class="headerlink" title="CSS层叠样式表"></a>CSS层叠样式表</h2><ol>
<li><p>使用样式选择器来指定css修饰的对象，然后通过css的固定属性来修饰相关的html元素的样式。例如字体的大小、字体、边框、字间距、行间距等，</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/Az2j7YgCUsHf4tE.png" alt="image-20210406222445187"></p>
</li>
<li><p>在实际开发过程中，我们一般不需要自己写过多的css代码，我们一般选择现成的CSS框架，例如<code>Bootstrap</code>（实现移动端有好的相应布局）、<code>Materialize</code>（实现统一的<code>materialize</code>界面风格）、<code>Pure</code>（轻量框架）。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/DANsvcMdCKzO42b.png" alt="image-20210406222500636"></p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/QgXcwb8ofDY9FAx.png" alt="image-20210406233855944"></p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/vsrLzfmpA1YX5iQ.png" alt="image-20210406222831002"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<ol start="3">
<li><p>除此之外，CSS还提供原生的补间动画支持，例如我们使用<code>animation</code>来定义使用动画的种类和时长、使用<code>@keyframes</code>定义动画中所用到的所有关键帧。</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/4tmTuRcECN7kznQ.png"></p>
</li>
<li><p><code>CSS3</code>中加入了<code>FLexBox</code>（弹性盒布局）原生实现导航栏等类似效果</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/rFkxfngWms2XztG.png" alt="image-20210406234002584"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="Javascript-（页面的脚本语言之一）"><a href="#Javascript-（页面的脚本语言之一）" class="headerlink" title="Javascript （页面的脚本语言之一）"></a>Javascript （页面的脚本语言之一）</h2><ol>
<li><p>使用<code>DOM</code>树修改<code>HTML</code>文档内容\</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/G5mvKD76qrhwSU3.png" alt="image-20210406234101303"></p>
</li>
<li><p>使用<code>Javascript</code>对鼠标键盘事件做出响应</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/vsw8GMmRrEDijq5.png" alt="image-20210406234131293"></p>
</li>
<li><p>请求远程服务器数据XHR<code>、</code>AJAX`（根据需要向服务器请求数据，根性页面数据）</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/8tRNv7XEgMC2OYn.png" alt="image-20210406234206012"></p>
</li>
<li><p>利用<code>Javascript</code>，通过<code>WebSocket</code>、<code>WebRTC</code>代替HTTP请求，用于实现更低时延的网络通信，一般用作即时聊天、在线游戏等</p>
</li>
<li><p>通过<code>WebGL</code>，实现在线的实时图像渲染</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/BM4cFAsqzGxD1I7.png"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="TypeScript-（Javascript的一个超集）"><a href="#TypeScript-（Javascript的一个超集）" class="headerlink" title="TypeScript （Javascript的一个超集）"></a>TypeScript （Javascript的一个超集）</h2><ol>
<li><p>为<code>Javascript</code>中的每个对象加入了可选的类型标注，可以在编译时做到类型的检查，减少程序错误</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/i76GLNrEmZIA8sb.png"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="NOde（服务端Javascript）"><a href="#NOde（服务端Javascript）" class="headerlink" title="NOde（服务端Javascript）"></a>NOde（服务端Javascript）</h2><ol>
<li><p>用处：</p>
<ol>
<li>编写控制台程序<img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/7EoMCQLOwbg9csR.png" alt="image-20210406234358503"></li>
<li>原生桌面应用</li>
<li>服务器程序</li>
<li>·····</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><p><code>npm</code>：可以使用<code>npm</code>安装第三方库</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/ogMrSOL4lfkAJUs.png" alt="image-20210406234431388"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="React、Angular、Vue（前端框架）"><a href="#React、Angular、Vue（前端框架）" class="headerlink" title="React、Angular、Vue（前端框架）"></a>React、Angular、Vue（前端框架）</h2><ol>
<li><p>界面元素组件化，提高代码复用</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/wVh2gdMJQjWS5ot.png"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="后端"><a href="#后端" class="headerlink" title="后端"></a>后端</h2><ol>
<li><p>后端主要是响应前端的请求，并向前端提供数据。</p>
</li>
<li><p>现代Web主要使用<code>API</code>(应用程序接口)通信</p>
</li>
<li><p>API：预先商定好的通信协议或者数据模式</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/V9pSN6aTxRH7Yyk.png"></p>
</li>
<li><p>通过<code>API</code>实现前后端逻辑的完全分离，同时android、ios可以复用API</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/yQOBoG51w7r48VP.png"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="API架构"><a href="#API架构" class="headerlink" title="API架构"></a>API架构</h2><ol>
<li><p>REST架构：根据不同的HTTP请求类型对数据做对应的增删改查操作</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/IFeC4O3EVMtQpuR.png" alt="image-20210405010002813"></p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/C8MdQLo6ckfzqIg.png" alt="image-20210405010052083"></p>
</li>
<li><p><code>GraphQL</code>架构：比<code>REST</code>架构的灵活性和可扩展性高出很多，适合大型项目的API设计</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/bym6Xwse8lhZRQj.png" alt="image-20210405010551659"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="数据库管理系统"><a href="#数据库管理系统" class="headerlink" title="数据库管理系统"></a>数据库管理系统</h2><ol>
<li>需求：大规模的对数据进行并发的读取和修改,坚固数据的完整性和安全性.</li>
</ol>
<p>$$数据库\begin{cases}SQL\NoSQL \end{cases}$$</p>
<ol start="2">
<li><p>SQL: 关系型数据库,能够使用结构化查询语言(SQL)对数据进行查询和修改</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/ltNyK753YcdVihD.png" alt="image-20210405011558540"></p>
</li>
<li><p>NoSQL:非关系型数据库,减少了许多强制性的检查，拥有更优的读写性能，对数据的格式要求更<br>加松散</p>
</li>
<li><p>入门选择：推荐<code>PostgreSQL</code>和<code>MongoDB</code></p>
</li>
<li><p>使用示例<br> 使用Javascript对MongoDB数据进行访问<br><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/N8b3AOKQuxeinoW.png" alt="image-20210405012203891"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/05/NjbGwMnrUPBs3zl.png" alt="image-20210405013903800"></p>
<h2 id="DevOps-开发-运维）"><a href="#DevOps-开发-运维）" class="headerlink" title="DevOps(开发+运维）"></a>DevOps(开发+运维）</h2><ol>
<li>主要工作内容：部署应用程序运行到最终的服务器并让所有人访问</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="MERN技术栈"><a href="#MERN技术栈" class="headerlink" title="MERN技术栈"></a>MERN技术栈</h2><p>分别是</p>
<p><img src="https://i.loli.net/2021/04/06/WK63v9rESPDuFNf.png" alt="image-20210406234734324"></p>
<ol>
<li>数据库：MongoDB</li>
<li>后端服务器框架：Express</li>
<li>前端框架：Ract</li>
<li>服务器运行环境：Node</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="Web开发资源"><a href="#Web开发资源" class="headerlink" title="Web开发资源"></a>Web开发资源</h2><ol>
<li>Web开发路线图：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/ccloli/developer-roadmap-zh-CN">https://github.com/ccloli/developer-roadmap-zh-CN</a></li>
<li>现代Web开发魔法全书：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/dexteryy/spellbook-of-modern-webdev">https://github.com/dexteryy/spellbook-of-modern-webdev</a></li>
<li>成为Web全栈工程师：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/bmorelli25/Beome-A-Full-Stack-Web-Developer">https://github.com/bmorelli25/Beome-A-Full-Stack-Web-Developer</a></li>
<li> Awesome列表系列：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome">https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome</a></li>
</ol>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="mailto:undefined">谭自财</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://tanzicai.gitee.io/2021/04/04/Web%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86/">https://tanzicai.gitee.io/2021/04/04/Web概况知识/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="https://tanzicai.gitee.io" target="_blank">小谭的部落阁</a>！</span></div></div><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">前端</a><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/HTML/">HTML</a><a class="post-meta__tags" 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href="#CSS%E5%B1%82%E5%8F%A0%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%E8%A1%A8"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">CSS层叠样式表</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Javascript-%EF%BC%88%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E7%9A%84%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">Javascript （页面的脚本语言之一）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#TypeScript-%EF%BC%88Javascript%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E8%B6%85%E9%9B%86%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">TypeScript （Javascript的一个超集）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#NOde%EF%BC%88%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AFJavascript%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">NOde（服务端Javascript）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#React%E3%80%81Angular%E3%80%81Vue%EF%BC%88%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">React、Angular、Vue（前端框架）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%90%8E%E7%AB%AF"><span class="toc-number">1.8.</span> <span class="toc-text">后端</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#API%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84"><span class="toc-number">1.9.</span> <span class="toc-text">API架构</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F"><span class="toc-number">1.10.</span> <span class="toc-text">数据库管理系统</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#DevOps-%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91-%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.11.</span> <span class="toc-text">DevOps(开发+运维）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#MERN%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%A0%88"><span class="toc-number">1.12.</span> <span class="toc-text">MERN技术栈</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Web%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90"><span class="toc-number">1.13.</span> <span class="toc-text">Web开发资源</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/2022/02/10/%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E7%B1%BB/" title="Java常用类"><img src="https://gitee.com/tanzicai/file-pan/raw/master/img/20220209171157.png" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="Java常用类"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="/2022/02/10/%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E7%B1%BB/" title="Java常用类">Java常用类</a><time datetime="2022-02-10T12:25:00.000Z" title="发表于 2022-02-10 20:25:00">2022-02-10</time></div></div><div class="aside-list-item"><a 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